Various ways by which P. falciparum parasite evades the immune system via secreted extracellular vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by infected red blood cells (iRBCs), as well as other host cells, are important regulators of the balance that determines the disease outcome. In addition, EVs constitute a robust mode of cell-to-cell communication by transferring signaling cargoes between parasites, and between parasites and host, without requiring cellular contact. The transfer of membrane and cytosolic proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA through EVs not only modulate the immune response, it also mediates cellular communication between parasites to synchronize the transmission stage. Here, we review the recent progress in understanding EV roles during malaria.

Looking under the skin: the first steps in malarial infection and

Malaria parasites both repress host CXCL10 and use it as a cue for

Exploring interactions between extracellular vesicles and cells

Imaging of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Plasmodium

A malaria parasite phospholipid flippase safeguards midgut

Life cycle of Plasmodium parasites. A bite from a Plasmodium

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Immunomodulation and

Cell-Cell Communication between Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells

Full article: Setting the stage: The initial immune response to

Exosomes and Other Extracellular Vesicles: The New Communicators

Isolation and Functions of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from

Extracellular vesicles in parasite survival